History of the Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba - 1014 Words

Beautiful, magnificent, fascinating, breathtaking, and incredible are some of the words that describe the Great Mosque of Cà ³rdoba. The Mosque is also known as the Mezquita, the Mosque-Cathedral of Cà ³rdoba, or the Cathedral of the Assumption of Our Lady. The mosque is considered one of the monumental jewels of Islamic civilization. In addition, it is one of the largest mosques in the entire world measuring about 24,000 square meters. The mosque was not all built at once, its construction lasted from 784 AD to 987 AD. First, Emir Abd ar-RahmanI began the construction of the mosque in the year 784, on a site that was originally home to Roman temple of Janus and Visigothic church of St Vincent. In the years 822 AD to 852 AD, Abd ar-Rahman II added an arm bone of Prophet Mohammed, an original copy of Quran, and increased the size of the Mosque. Then, Abd ar-Rahman III added a new minaret in the beginning of 9th century. Following Abd ar-Rahman III, Al-Hakam II magnified the mosque a nd enhanced the mihrab in the year 961. Finally, Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir enlarged it further through the addition of the orange tree courtyard and the outer aisles in the year 987. As a result, this mosque turned Cordoba into a kind of paradise on earth where the Mosque symbolizes heaven. At its zenith, this mosque was the center of western Islam. The Great Mosque is a forest of stone columns that seem to go on forever. The effect is disorientating like a vast hall of mirrors where the worshiperShow MoreRelatedThe Great Mosque Of Cordoba1541 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Mosque of Cordoba Can the Great Mosque-Cathedral of Cordoba be used for two religions, and How the design effects these religions? In this essay will be a brief discussion about the The Great Mosque of Cordoba and the history behind it. Stating how the mosque existed, developed over time and then reconstructed to become a Cathedral. How the Mosque believes both Christianity and Islam are able to pray within the building. Also I will mention the belief systems such as, does a sacredRead MoreHow Islamic Architecture in Spain Changed from the Seventh Century to the Mid-sixteenth Century1541 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great Mosque of Cà ³rdoba was built in Cà ³rdoba, Andalucà ­a, southern Spain: the capital at which Muslims exist. The great Mosque of Cà ³rdoba went under massive changes over centuries. These changes occurred because the Mosque was conquered by groups of people following different religions, including Islam, Judaism and Christianity. Each religion marked its conception through changing or adding a unique artwork that symbolized its essence. The Great Mosque of Cà ³rdoba was built by Arab archite cts inRead MoreThe Longest Running Fued is the Sunni and Shia Conflict1698 Words   |  7 PagesCaliph should be determined based on the bloodline to the Prophet. The Sunni and Shia conflict has been an on going issue to this day. There are many reasons that play a role in their conflict. It involves religion, politics and resources. The long history between these two groups is important because the Shia and Sunni are still fighting each other. It is worsening and causing thousands of deaths. Civil Wars are erupting and causing innocent civilians to be killed. The conflict has gotten so bad thatRead MoreThe Great Mosque Of Cordoba2023 Words   |  9 PagesThe Mishrab of The Great Mosque of Cordoba Assignment Two The Great Mosque of Cordoba [named in espaà ±ol Mezquita – Catedral de Cà ³rdoba] is a complex site of extraordinarily rich history and key development in Muslim architecture in a Western empire. Built in the Spanish capitals of the Umayyad, it is one of the oldest structures from the times of Muslim rule over Iberia in the 8th century, the Great Mosque of Cordoba is a heritage site having lived through tremendous successions of change, developmentRead MoreThe Religious Beliefs Of Spain1020 Words   |  5 Pagesacts against Jews, Spain has indeed experienced many religions. Throughout the years, the religious beliefs of Spain have changed, whether they were good or bad adjustments. Even though some countries of the world have had a less violent religious history, Spain s past has formed it into a country housing various forms of worship and beliefs, having had experienced Catholicism, Christianity, Muslim ruling, the Christian Reconquest, Anti-Semitism, a new type of Cathol ic reign, religious festivals,Read MoreAnalysis of the Documentary The Crucible of Europe Essay1576 Words   |  7 PagesThe Arab cultural foundation was a combination of many other cultures. Some of the cultures which influenced the Arab renaissance were Greek, Indian, and Jewish. In delicate patterns the words found in the Quran were carved on walls in palaces and mosques. It was seen everywhere the combination of faith and beauty. The Arabs left a profound legacy for all time. They immersed themselves in mathematics and sciences, with the creation of Algebra. They read the works of classical Greek and explored theRead MoreImportance of Education Knowledge in Islam10950 Words   |  44 Pagesof the prophets, and Seek knowledge, even as far as China. These ideas have echoed throughout the history of Islam and encouraged Muslims to seek knowledge wherever it might be found. During most of its history, Islamic civilization has been witness to a true celebration of knowledge. That is why every traditional Islamic city possessed public and private libraries, and some cities like Cordoba and Baghdad boasted of libraries with over 400,000 books. Scholars have always been held in the highestRead MoreMuslim Spain (711-1492)8971 Words   |  36 PagesOver a thousand years ago, Europe experienced one of its greatest periods of cultural enlightenment.Islam in Spain has had a fundamental presence in the culture and history of the nation. The religion was present inmodern Spanish soil from 711 until 1492 under the rule of the Arabs and Moors of al-Andalus.Islamic Spain was a multi-cultural mix of the people of three great monotheistic religions: Muslims,Christians, and Jews.For more than three centuries in Medieval Spain, Muslims, Jews and ChristiansRead MoreLa Siest A Known Component Of The Spanish Culture1750 Words   |  7 Pageswide array of foods from its ancient agriculturists who introduced such plants as wheat, patatas, cacao, corn, papaya and so much more. U p until today, Spain is well known for its richly cooked and delicacies from delicious recipes reflecting its history and heritage. Spanish cuisine has widely been influenced by the vast array of seafood disposable in the country that not only mingles the opulence of Mediterranean ingredients but is also spread in literally thousands of flavors and recipes. When

A Closer Look on Bilingualism Free Essays

Bilingualism is not uncommon to many people and in many parts of the world. As long as there are people who migrate from far off countries to different places in the world, bilingualism will exist, and prosper. This has become a bigger reality in today’s world where different countries are brought closer by technology, and globalization has become commonplace, especially to more prosperous and industrialized countries where migrants tend to gather. We will write a custom essay sample on A Closer Look on Bilingualism or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hence, cultures become interrelated and languages are no longer limited to their areas of origin. In fact, it is normal for many people to use two languages, or even more, in the course of day-to-day living, some by choice and some by necessity. As evidenced by studies and observation made by scientists and educators, bi- or multilingualism exists because humans are not limited to learn a single language in the course of his/her lifetime. Although there were no studies that have determined how many languages a person can learn in his/her lifetime, there was no question that it could be done, given the relative ease by which children learn languages. The brains of a human being hold endless possibilities. It is not a jug that has limited capacity; it can absorb so much more information (Alladina 6). Hence, it is not surprising that more and more people are learning and making use of different languages. It is not uncommon to see a person who makes use of a different language at home, in school or in buiness, a particular language is used depending on the appropriate situation. As we attempt to explore different facets of bilingualism, it would be most logical to explain briefly the meaning of bilingualism and how it is commonly perceived in order to offer a better understanding as to why it has such great impact on the society. More importantly, this paper will deal on the overall effects of bilingualism on children, adults and families, as well as the influences of schools, its systems, and society at large to people who are bilingual, and vice versa. We shall also delve on the choices that different bilingual-background families have or have made with regard to rearing their children as bilingual or monolingual, and the subsequent effects of these choices. We shall shed light on these concerns, partly, by going through the personal experiences of three individuals, with different degrees of bilingualism, who were interviewed exclusively for this paper. We shall examine how bilingualism played a part in their lives. Their bilingualism resulted from different circumstances surrounding them as they were growing up that were mainly rooted from their families. For instance, the first interviewee and her parents migrated to Norway from Pakistan, where she was actually born and raised until she was eight years old, the second one has parents whose mother tongues were different from each other, while the last interviewee was adopted from Colombia when she was eight years old. How to cite A Closer Look on Bilingualism, Papers

People and culture in Morocco

Morocco issituated in the North Africawith an estimated population of 32 million people.The population growth rate is 1.067%(The World Fact Book, 1). Moroccans of Berber, Sunni Muslims of Arab, andArab-Berber ancestriesmake up the country’s population (Background Note Morocco 1). The population density of Morocco is 72 people per square meter.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on People and culture in Morocco specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The age country has three age layers. The first one has children from age0 to 14 years old and form 27.8percentage of the population. The second age layer has people between 15 and 64 years old making up66.1percentage.The third structure has 65 year olds and above which constitutes6.1percentage(The World Fact Book, 1). The country has three ethnic groups. The largest ethnic group is the Arab-Berberforming 99.1%,followed by another group that have people other than Arab-Berb er and Jews making up 0.7 %; the smallest is the Jewish making up 0.2 % of the total population. The country has different religions, the largest one is Islam, Muslims make up 99%, Christianity follows with 1% and Jewish with about 6, 000 people. The official language spoken in Morocco is Arabic. French and Berber dialects are often used in government, business and diplomacy. The ethnic groups tolerate each other in the moderate Muslim country(The World Fact Book, 1). Morocco is a major contributor toAfrican economic affairs and is among African countries with strong economies. The country grows some of its food for local consumption. However, because it has semi -arid climatic conditions agriculture is unreliable hence the country relieson food importation. The Moroccan diet is Mediterranean and mainly consists of fruits, cereals, and vegetables.People do not eat animal foods a lot. Those in urban areas eat food which is rich in sugar and fats because of westernization that has led Moroccan urbanites to change their eating habits to fast foods from organic foods. Consequently,obesity is prevalent in the urban areas (Morocco 1).Housing in Morocco is relatively good because 83% of the population in urban and 69% live in improved areas with clean drinking water and proper sanitation (The World Fact Book, 1). The country faces challenges in education because of high levels of illiteracy even though primary schoolis compulsory. (Background Note Morocco 1). The health sector is not capable of taking care of the population efficientlybecause there are inadequate physicians and bed capacities in health facilities. Inequality in health sector is a big problem in Morocco (Oujda 1). High levels of young people unemployment and corruption is a major problem in the country.Advertising Looking for essay on geography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The country has many visitor attractions. In addition, the country ha s a rich cultural heritage and arts. Places such as the cities of Casablanca, Marrakech, and Fes are major tourist attraction sites because of their beautiful beaches, hotels, bazaars and medinas among others. Another attractionisAsilah, a historic site that has intricate designs made by Moroccan artists. Art in form of ornate ceramics, beautiful mosaics, and intricately woven carpets are readily available for purchase. The country has cultural events such as Tanjazz festival, Timitar music festival, Mawazine festival that celebrate world music. Moreover, the country has the international film festival (Land of Festivals 1). Finally, the people are warm and hospitable hence the country attracts a large number of visitors every year. Works Cited Background Note Morocco. 20 Apr. 2011. Web. Land of Festivals. 2011. Web. Morocco. 2010. Web. Oujda, Mohammed. â€Å"Social inequalities and health inequity in Morocco. â€Å"International Journal for Equity in Health, 5.1(2006), no pag. Th e World Fact Book. Morocco. 18 Oct. 2011. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on People and culture in Morocco specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on People and culture in Morocco was written and submitted by user Brooklynn Chase to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The 6 Forgotten Italian Subject Pronouns

The 6 Forgotten Italian Subject Pronouns Often, one of the first Italian language lessons beginners study is Italian subject pronouns (pronomi personali soggetto). Too often, however, theres a whole subset of Italian subject pronouns that is given scant attention, including egli, ella, esso, essa, essi, and esse. Legacy Italian Subject Pronouns Call them legacy subject pronouns or classic subject pronouns, these subject pronouns are still (infrequently) used in Italian. They typically appear only as regionalisms, in formal speech, or in literature. There are three pairs of Italian subject pronouns for the third person singular: egli/ella, lui/lei, esso/essa. The third person plural includes the pair essi/esse and the form loro, which is the same for both masculine and feminine. Egli, Lui, Esso Egli and lui are used with reference to people. Lui, especially in spoken language, can also refer to animals and things. Esso is used for animals and things. Ho parlato con il direttore e egli [but commonly lui] mi ha assicurato il suo interessamento. I spoke with the director and he assured me of his interest. Cercai di trattenere il cavallo ma esso [also lui] proseguà ¬ la corsa. I tried to hold back the horse but he continued on the course. Un importante compito vi à ¨ stato affidato; esso dovr essere eseguito nel miglior modo possibile. An important task was entrusted to you; it must be performed in the best way possible. Ella, Lei, Essa The form ella has already fallen into disuse, especially in spoken language, and is considered literary and formal. Analogous to lui, the form lei also refers to animals and things, especially in spoken language. The form essa (unlike its masculine counterpart) also refers to a person, but it is less commonly used and has a literary or regional character. Avverti tua sorella, forse essa [but commonly lei] non lo sa ancora. Warn your sister, maybe she still doesnt know. Ho cercato di prendere la gattina, ma essa [also lei] à ¨ scappata. I tried to hold the kitten, but she ran away. Essi, Esse The plural forms essi and esse serve to indicate people, animals, and things. Loro is used with reference to people and, especially in spoken Italian, also to refer to animals. Li ho guardati in viso, essi [or loro] abbassarono gli occhi. I looked at them in the face, but they lowered their eyes. Allingresso della villa cerano due cani; essi [or loro] stavano per mordermi. At the entrance to the villa, there were two dogs; they were waiting to bite me. Il Parlamento ha emanato nuove leggi; esse prevedono la modifica dellordinamento giudiziario. Parliament issued new laws; they anticipate the modification of the legal rule. Wherefore Art Thou, Italian Subject Pronouns? The forgotten Italian subject pronouns egli, ella, esso, essa, essi, and esse, similar to the remote past tense (passato remoto), can sometimes seem obsolete, especially since they are often ignored in modern textbooks. A former grammatical rule held that egli was a subject pronoun and lui an object pronoun. But although lui, lei, and loro tend to predominate in colloquial conversation, egli, as well as the other subject pronouns in question, can still be found in literary texts. Similar to the remote past tense, the subject pronouns egli, ella, esso, essa, essi, and esse are still a feature of southern Italian dialects. En Italiano SINGOLARE1a persona: io2a persona: tu3a persona maschile: egli, lui, esso3a persona femminile: ella, lei, essa PLURALE1a persona: noi2a persona: voi3a persona maschile: loro, essi3a persona femminile: loro, esse

What To Do When Content Marketing Isn’t Working With Jon Henshaw

What To Do When Content Marketing Isn’t Working With Jon Henshaw You know that content marketing has the potential to grow your company. What if you’re not getting results, though? If you don’t have something unique to say or value to offer, it’s tough to get traction in a competitive environment. How can you create unique ideas and overcome mediocre results? Today we’re going to be talking to Jon Henshaw, an accomplished product builder and content marketer. Jon co-founded Raven Tools and is now with CBS Interactive. We’re going to talk about how to fix broken content marketing. You won’t want to miss today’s show! Powered by PodcastMotor Actionable Content Marketing powered by By AMP070: What To Do When Your Content Marketing Isn't Working With Jon Henshaw 00:00/00:00 1x 100 > Download file Subscribe on iTunes Leave Review Share Some of the highlights of this episode include: What Jon’s been up to over the past decade, from building up Raven Tools from nothing to entering the world of content marketing. Some of the â€Å"wins† that Jon has experienced over the years, as well as a â€Å"loss.† Jon’s process for staying ahead of the curve when it comes to content marketing. Tips on tackling the types of big, unique projects that will pan out, as well as Jon’s thoughts on the risks involved. How Jon promotes his biggest projects for maximum benefit. Where SEO fits into the promotion strategy. Jon’s favorite part of content marketing. Links: Jon on LinkedIn Raven Tools CBS Interactive GA Config Email a screenshot of your iTunes review to podcast@.com If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud,  Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Jon: â€Å"One of the great things about content marketing is that it kind of levels the playing field among other companies. You don’t have to have the tens of thousands of dollars or more in paid advertising budget. You just have to have good ideas.† â€Å"The internet is a big place and yes, most things have already been done You have to be even more creative.† â€Å"The part that I geek out the most on is actually putting that content together and writing the code behind that content so that it can perform really well.†

Family socilogy (The influence of the family structure) Essay

Family socilogy (The influence of the family structure) - Essay Example Family has always played a vital role in ordering society and in determining life chances of various individuals. The word family holds different meaning for different people and used to symbolize many different views. Giddens defines the family as a â€Å"group of persons directly linked by kin connections, the adult members of which assume responsibility for caring for children†. By children he meant who are dependent on their parents for their livelihood; are aged under 16 or 17 and are in full time education. Till today families are responsible for the upbringing and nurture of children. They are the ones who provide not only love and care but also financial support to children. The main functions performed by the family is to teach a child discipline, judge between what is right and wrong and an acceptable behavior pattern. In this essay, we shall discuss to what extent is family central to the lives of children in Britain. Gordon Brown had expressed that family is the foundation on which our communities, our society and our country are built. However, it has been found in recent years that the traditional beliefs and values of families have undergone lots of social and economic changes. Earlier the foundation stone of families used to be love and care but today it has been replaced by looser and material needs of money and selfishness. These factors have led to the emergence of new types of families like lone parent families, step families, symmetrical families and cohabit families. (cited in Duncan & Phillips, 2008:1). The demographic transition in Europe started from the 1950’s and is still continuing today. Ansley Coale’s has described demographic transition â€Å"as a change from the traditional society in which high mortality and natality rates existed to an industrialized society in which natality and mobility are stabilized at low levels.† This transition has been the result of various social and economic changes such as urbanization, education levels, productive structure and secularization etc. The changes in the trends of life of people have brought about a major change in the way children perceive family in Britain (Pairo, 1997). According to Squire, a family structure changes with experience and life events as a child grows from childhood to adulthood. Every family functions in a unique way due to variations in household types, family structures and the division of domestic labor. Also the composition of the family is influenced by the social, cultural and economic characteristics of different ethnic groups. These factors affect the extent to which a family may or may not be central to the lives of children. Although all family structures are unique but they have one thing in common – they all provide emotional and mutual structural support to all children. A family helps to locate a child socially and thus act as one of the key socializing agents (Squire, 2003:60). A child’s happiness and healthy development depends on a large scale on the kind of relationship that exists between parents, grandparents and other caring adults in the family and most crucially among children and adults. According to research in 2008, 64 % of children live in married families with couples, 23% of children live in lone parent family and 13% live with cohabiting couples (Mapalthorpe et al., 2008:4).The research also reveals that marriage is not necessary for the successful running of the family but good relations matter. Also, 78% of individuals have agreed that it is not divorce that harms children but parental conflicts. According to the individualistic theory, families should become more liberal, with children having a say in important family decisions. Also, biological parents should provide parenting to their children lifelong which will help in their growth towards adulthood. However, research says otherwise –step fathe rs can equally take care and bestow love on them as compared to biological fathers. Traditionally family had been seen as

Rephrasing Aging behaviour of 17-4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rephrasing Aging behaviour of 17-4 - Essay Example Continuously, layers of powder are deposited in a repeated cycle until the desired 3D structure is produced . DMLS process ensures production of parts that are fully dense and that require minimal post-processing activity. The DMLS process compares to another AM process popularly known as the Selective Laser Sintering (SLS). Conceptually, both SLS and DMLS are similar however, DMLS uses uncoated pre-alloyed metal powders for the sintering material, unlike SLS which utilizes coated metal powders or polymers . The final outcome of the DMLS procedure is characterized by fine or metastable microstructures , which at times may differ with the set international standards of conventional manufacturing. Moreover, further investigation into the mechanical properties of the microstructures resulting from the DMLS process is necessary to ensure that the structures produced are compatible and able to support the practical use they are intended. During the DMLS process, yielding begins at low values of about 600 Mpa due to the complexity of the process which results from the multiple constituents and interactions of the microstructure formation, especially precipitations. During the process, the structures may have large hardenings which may elicit discrepancies on the part of micro hardness and yield stress as a result of the strain induced transformation of the austenite. The austenite transformation occurs when the whole or part of the plastic field and the accumulation of twins is retained. The low twining probability in austenite may be attributed to the rapid nucleation of the martensite plates within the high twinned austenitic regions, which causes continuous strain-induced transformation along the plastic field. In addition, the accumulation of twins in the martensite affects the plastic flow providing increase in strain hardening ability . The presence of retained austenite material may significantly influence the mechanical composition